The Yakama nation, native to the state of Washington, was created in 1855 through a treaty that was signed by Isaac Stevens, the Washington territory governor, and delegates from the Yakama tribe. Conflict about the treaty resulted in much violence which led to the Yakama war of 1855-1858. Today the Yakama nation lives on a reservation in the state of Washington on the east side of the Cascade mountains along the Columbia River.
Famous Yakamas include Chief Spencer (Tah Pa Shah) which means sharp shooter. Chief Spencer was the first chief of the Yakama nation from 1856-1861.
The Lakhota nation is a very spread tribe ranging from Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, and the Dakotas in the 16th and 17th centuries before they moved toward the Great Plains. The Lakhota nation can be dated back to 900 CE. by their history that was recorded on animal hides and eventually paper through artistic illustrations. In 1730 the Lakhotas were introduced to horses by the Cheyenne and this was the beginning of a new way of life. Horses made hunting incredibly more simple and became so sacred to them that they would even trade small children for them. By 1772 this nation held over 70,000 people but the smallpox epidemic from 1772-1780 eliminated over 75%. The Lakhotas are a very determined and tough nation fighting in many battles such as Grattan Massacre, Dakota war of 1862-1864, 1860 Battle of the Rosebud, 1876 Battle of Little Bighorn, Great Sioux War of 1877, and Wounded Knee Massacre on December 29, 1890. Currently there are five reservations for the Lakhotas in South Dakota including the Rosebud Indian Reservation, Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Lower Brule Indian Reservation, Cheyenne River Indian Reservation, and Standing Rock Indian Reservation. In addition there is Fort Beck Indian Reservation in Montana and Fort Berthold Indian Reservation in North Dakota.
Famous Lakhotas include Leonard Peltier who was a turtle mountain chippewa, a Lakhota activist who was imprisoned for allegedly killing two FBI agents in 1975.
William Mervin "Billy Mills" (Taka Hela) is an oglala Olympic gold medalist for the 10,000 meter run at the 1964 Tokyo Olympic Games.
Sitting Bull (1831-December 15, 1890) was a holy man who was killed by the Indian Agency Police on Standing Rock Indian Reservation during his attempted arrest.
Ute
The Ute nation is native to the Rocky Mountain area as Utah is named after them. The Ute nation holds the second largest Indian Reservation in the United States (4.5 million acres) in northeastern Utah, known as Fort Duchesne. The Ute nation currently holds 3,157 members and operates on their own tribal government and several businesses such as a supermarket, gas stations, bowling alley, Tribal Feedlot, Uinta River Technologies, Ute Tribal enterprises LLC and water systems, and cattle raising and mining of oil and natural gas. Like the Lakhotas, horses have always been very valuable for them as it would make hunting for buffalo much easier. When it came to trading with the Spanish settlers the Ute nation would trade almost anything that had for more horses.
Famous Utes include Chief Ourray (1833-August 24, 1880) who was chief of the Ute tribe located in western Colorado. Chief Ourray went to Washington D.C. to testify before the Congress about the Ute uprising of 1879.
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